Sometimes you'll see the term slot variance instead of slot volatility. Don't worry that this is another term you'll have to learn about - the two refer to exactly the same thing, which is how often and how much a slot pays out and the player's total risk in choosing this game.
A landing slot, takeoff slot, or airport slot is a permission granted by the owner of an airport designated as Level 3 (Coordinated Airport), which allows the grantee to schedule a landing or departure at that airport during a specific time period.[1]
Landing slots are allocated in accordance with guidelines set down by the IATA's Worldwide Airport Slots Group. All airports worldwide are categorized as either Level 1 (Non-Coordinated Airport), Level 2 (Schedules Facilitated Airport), or Level 3 (Coordinated Airport).
As of summer 2017, a total of 123 airports in the world are Level 2 airports, and 177 are Level 3 airports.[2]
Allocated landing slots may have a commercial value and can be traded between airlines. Continental Airlines paid $209 million for four pairs of landing slots from GB Airways at London Heathrow Airport, $52.3m each.[3] The highest price paid for a pair of take-off and landing slots at Heathrow Airport was $75m, paid by Oman Air to Air France–KLM for a prized early morning arrival, reported in February 2016. A year before, American Airlines paid $60m to Scandinavian Airlines.[4]
| Year | Buyer | Seller | daily slot pairs | transaction (£M) | slot value (£M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | BA | Air UK | 4 | 15.6 | 3.9 |
| 2002 | BA | BA Connect | 5 | 13 | 2.6 |
| 2002 | BA | SN Brussels | 7 | 27.5 | 3.9 |
| 2003 | BA | SWISS | 8 | 22.5 | 2.8 |
| 2003 | BA | United | 2 | 12 | 6 |
| 2004 | Virgin | Flybe | 4 | 20 | 5 |
| 2004 | Qantas | Flybe | 2 | 20 | 10 |
| 2006 | BA | BWIA | 1 | 5 | 5 |
| 2007 | BA | Malev | 2 | 7 | 3.5 |
| 2007 | BA | BA | 7.3 | 30 | 4.1 |
| 2007 | Virgin | Air Jamaica | 1 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
| 2007 | BMI | 77.7 | 770 | 9.9 | |
| 2007 | unknown | Alitalia | 3 | 67 | 22.3 |
| 2008 | Continental | GB Airways/Alitalia/Air France | 4 | 104.5 | 26.1 |
| 2013 | Delta | unknown | 2 | 30.8 | 15.4 |
| 2013 | Etihad | Jet | 3 | 46.2 | 15.4 |
As demand exceeds supply, slot trading became the main solution to enter Heathrow and transfers grew from 42 in 2000 to 526 in 2012 and over 10 years the average priced slot increased prices by £4 per passenger.[6]
If an airline does not use an allocation of slots (typically 80% usage over six months), it can lose the rights. Airlines may operate ghost or empty flights to preserve slot allocations.[7]
Level 3 coordinated airports[2][edit]
Australia[edit]
Austria[edit]
- Innsbruck Airport (winter season only)
Belgium[edit]
Brazil[edit]
Cambodia[edit]
Canada[edit]
Cape Verde[edit]
Colombia[edit]
Cuba[edit]
China[edit]
Czech Republic[edit]
Denmark[edit]
Finland[edit]
France[edit]
Germany[edit]
Ghana[edit]
- Kotoka International Airport - Accra
Greece[edit]
- Chania Airport (summer season only)
- Chios Airport (summer season only)
- Corfu Airport (summer season only)
- Heraklion Airport (summer season only)
- Kalamata Airport (summer season only)
- Karpathos Island National Airport (summer season only)
- Kavala Airport (summer season only)
- Kephalonia International Airport (summer season only)
- Kithira Airport (summer season only)
- Kos Airport (summer season only)
- Mykonos Airport (summer season only)
- Mytilene Airport (summer season only)
- Patras Airport (summer season only)
- Preveza Airport (summer season only)
- Rhodes Airport (summer season only)
- Samos Airport (summer season only)
- Sitia Public Airport (summer season only)
- Skiathos Airport (summer season only)
- Thira Airport (summer season only)
- Volos Airport (summer season only)
- Zakynthos International Airport (summer season only)
Greenland[edit]
Hong Kong[edit]
Iceland[edit]
India[edit]
- Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport - Mumbai
- Indira Gandhi International Airport - Delhi
- Chennai International Airport - Chennai
- Rajiv Gandhi International Airport - Hyderabad
- Kempegowda International Airport - Bangalore
Indonesia[edit]
- Ngurah Rai International Airport - Denpasar
- Soekarno-Hatta International Airport - Jakarta
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Ireland[edit]
Israel[edit]
Italy[edit]
- Lampedusa Airport (summer season only)
- Linate Airport - Milan
- Malpensa Airport - Milan
- Orio al Serio Airport - Milan
- Olbia Costa Smeralda Airport (summer season only)
- Pantelleria Airport (summer season only)
- Ciampino Airport - Rome
- Fiumicino Airport - Rome
Japan[edit]
Malaysia[edit]
Mauritius[edit]
- Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport - Mauritius
Mexico[edit]
Morocco[edit]
Netherlands[edit]
New Zealand[edit]
Norway[edit]
Pakistan[edit]
Philippines[edit]
Poland[edit]
Portugal[edit]
- Faro Airport (summer season only)
Russia[edit]
- Sheremetyevo Airport - Moscow
- Vnukovo International Airport - Moscow
Saudi Arabia[edit]
Singapore[edit]
South Africa[edit]
- King Shaka International Airport - Durban
- OR Tambo International Airport - Johannesburg
South Korea[edit]
Spain[edit]
- Ibiza Airport (summer season only)
- Menorca Airport (summer season only)
Sri Lanka[edit]
Sweden[edit]
Switzerland[edit]
Taiwan[edit]
Thailand[edit]
- Suvarnabhumi Airport - Bangkok
- Don Mueang International Airport - Bangkok
Tunisia[edit]
Turkey[edit]
- Antalya Airport - Antalya (summer season only)
Ukraine[edit]
- Boryspil International Airport - Kiev
United Arab Emirates[edit]
United Kingdom[edit]
United States[edit]
- John F. Kennedy International Airport - New York City
- LaGuardia Airport (not on IATA list, but slot controlled)[8]
- Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport - Washington, D.C. (not on IATA list, but slot controlled)[8]
Vietnam[edit]
- Noi Bai International Airport - Hanoi
- Tan Son Nhat International Airport - Ho Chi Minh City
References[edit]
- ^'Worldwide Slot Guidelines, 9th Edition English Version'(PDF). IATA. 1 January 2019. p. 14.
- ^ ab'List of all Level 2 and Level 3 airports'. iata.org. 29 May 2018.
- ^'Continental pays Heathrow record'. Financial Times. March 3, 2008.
- ^'Oman breaks Heathrow record with deal for slots'. The Sunday Times. 14 February 2016.
- ^'Heathrow Airport's slot machine: hitting the jackpot again?'. CAPA centre for aviation. 8 May 2013.
- ^'Heathrow Airport: An introduction to Secondary Slot Trading'(PDF). Airport Coordination Limited. 30 September 2012. Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 March 2016.
- ^Green anger at 'ghost flights'
- ^ ab'Airport Reservation Office'. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Alternatively known as a bus slot or expansion port, an expansion slot is a connection or port inside a computer on the motherboard or riser card. It provides an installation point for a hardware expansion card to be connected. For example, if you wanted to install a new video card in the computer, you'd purchase a video expansion card and install that card into the compatible expansion slot.
Computer expansion slots
Below is a listing of expansion slots commonly found in a computer and the devices associated with those slots. Clicking on any of the links below provide you with additional details.
- AGP - Video card.
- AMR - Modem, sound card.
- CNR - Modem, network card, sound card.
- EISA - SCSI, network card, video card.
- ISA - Network card, sound card, video card.
- PCI - Network card, SCSI, sound card, video card.
- PCI Express - Video card, modem, sound card, network card.
- VESA - Video card.
Many of the above expansion card slots are obsolete. You're most likely only going to encounter AGP, PCI, and PCI Express when working with computers today. In the picture below is an example of what expansion slots may look like on a motherboard. In this picture, there are three different types of expansion slots: PCI Express, PCI, and AGP.
How many expansion slots does my computer have?
Every computer motherboard is different, to determine how many expansion slots are on your computer motherboard identify the manufacturer and model of the motherboard. Once you've identified the model of motherboard, you can find complete information about the motherboard in its manual.
Adding additional expansion slots for older motherboards could be accomplished by using a riser board, which would add several ISA or PCI slots. Today, riser boards are rarely used with motherboards, as there is limited need for additional expansion slots with modern motherboards.
What type of expansion slots are on my motherboard?
As mentioned above, every motherboard model is unique, so to determine the type of expansion slots on the motherboard, consult the board's specifications and owner's manual. You can also open the computer case and visually examine the motherboard.
Why do computers have expansion slots?
Computers have expansion slots to give the user the ability to add new devices to their computer. For example, a computer gamer may upgrade their video card to get better performance in their games. An expansion slot allows them to remove the old video card and add a new video card without having to replace the motherboard.
What is the most common expansion slot today?
Today, the most commonly used expansion slot used and found on computer motherboards is the PCI Express expansion slot.
Does a laptop have an expansion slot?
Laptops do not have expansion slots like a desktop computer. However, some laptops do have PC Cards that can be inserted into the side of the laptop. They may also have a Cardbus slot for an ExpressCard to be added.
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Related expansion slot pages
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Expansion, Expansion card, Motherboard terms, Seated